What role does stress play in hypertension?

Chronic stress plays a significant role in the development and exacerbation of hypertension as it can contribute to elevated blood pressure over time. When an individual experiences stress, the body goes through a series of physiological changes that can lead to increased heart rate and higher levels of stress hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline. These hormones prepare the body for a 'fight or flight' response, causing blood vessels to constrict and the heart to pump more vigorously, which temporarily raises blood pressure.

However, when stress becomes chronic, these elevated hormone levels and sympathetic nervous system activation can lead to long-term changes in blood pressure regulation. Continued stress exposure can lead to unhealthy behaviors as well, such as poor diet, lack of exercise, and increased alcohol or tobacco use, which further contributes to hypertension. Thus, understanding the link between chronic stress and blood pressure is crucial for managing hypertension effectively.